mirror of
https://github.com/bensuperpc/dockcross.git
synced 2025-02-23 17:29:31 +01:00
521 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
521 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
|
|
# dockcross
|
|
|
|
Cross compiling toolchains in Docker images.
|
|
|
|
[](https://github.com/dockcross/dockcross/actions?query=branch%3Amaster) [](https://github.com/dockcross/dockcross/actions/workflows/shellcheck.yml)
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
## Features
|
|
|
|
- Pre-built and configured toolchains for cross compiling.
|
|
- Most images also contain an emulator for the target system.
|
|
- Clean separation of build tools, source code, and build artifacts.
|
|
- Commands in the container are run as the calling user, so that any created files have the expected ownership, (i.e. not root).
|
|
- Make variables **CC**, **CXX**, **LD**, **AS** etc) are set to point to the appropriate tools in the container.
|
|
- Recent [CMake](https://cmake.org) and ninja are precompiled.
|
|
- [Conan.io](https://www.conan.io) can be used as a package manager.
|
|
- Toolchain files configured for CMake.
|
|
- Current directory is mounted as the container\'s workdir, `/work`.
|
|
- Works with the [Docker for Mac](https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-mac/) and [Docker for Windows](https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/).
|
|
- Support using alternative container executor by setting **OCI_EXE** environment variable. By default, it searches for [docker](https://www.docker.com) and [podman](https://podman.io) executable.
|
|
- [crosstool-ng](https://github.com/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng) and [buildroot](https://github.com/buildroot/buildroot) configuration files.
|
|
|
|
## Examples
|
|
|
|
1. `dockcross make`: Build the *Makefile* in the current directory.
|
|
2. `dockcross cmake -Bbuild -H. -GNinja`: Run CMake with a build directory `./build` for a *CMakeLists.txt* file in the current directory and generate `ninja` build configuration files.
|
|
3. `dockcross ninja -Cbuild`: Run ninja in the `./build` directory.
|
|
4. `dockcross bash -c '$CC test/C/hello.c -o hello'`: Build the *hello.c* file with the compiler identified with the `CC` environmental variable in the build environment.
|
|
5. `dockcross bash`: Run an interactive shell in the build environment.
|
|
|
|
Note that commands are executed verbatim. If any shell processing for environment variable expansion or redirection is required, please use
|
|
```bash
|
|
bash -c "<command args>"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Installation
|
|
|
|
This image does not need to be run manually. Instead, there is a helper script to execute build commands on source code existing on the local host filesystem. This script is bundled with the image.
|
|
|
|
To install the helper script, run one of the images with no arguments, and redirect the output to a file:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
docker run --rm CROSS_COMPILER_IMAGE_NAME > ./dockcross
|
|
chmod +x ./dockcross
|
|
mv ./dockcross ~/bin/
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Where **CROSS_COMPILER_IMAGE_NAME** is the name of the cross-compiler toolchain Docker instance, e.g: **dockcross/linux-armv7**.
|
|
|
|
Only 64-bit x86_64 images are provided, a 64-bit x86_64 host system is required.
|
|
|
|
## Usage
|
|
|
|
For the impatient, here\'s how to compile a hello world for armv7:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
cd ~/src/dockcross
|
|
docker run --rm dockcross/linux-armv7 > ./dockcross-linux-armv7
|
|
chmod +x ./dockcross-linux-armv7
|
|
./dockcross-linux-armv7 bash -c '$CC test/C/hello.c -o hello_arm'
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Note how invoking any toolchain command (make, gcc, etc.) is just a matter of prepending the **dockcross** script on the commandline:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
./dockcross-linux-armv7 [command] [args...]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The dockcross script will execute the given command-line inside the container, along with all arguments passed after the command. Commands that evaluate environmental variables in the image, like **$CC** or **$CXX** above, should be executed in [bash -c]. The present working directory is mounted within the image, which can be used to make source code available in the Docker container.
|
|
|
|
## Summary cross compilers
|
|
|
|
| Image name | Target arch | Compiler | Target OS |
|
|
|:-------:|:--------:|:------:|:-----:|
|
|
| dockcross/base | - | - | - |
|
|
| dockcross/android-arm | ARMv7 | Clang | Android |
|
|
| dockcross/android-arm64 | ARMv8 | Clang | Android |
|
|
| dockcross/android-x86 | x86 | Clang | Android |
|
|
| dockcross/android-x86_64 | x86_64 | Clang | Android |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-arm64 | ARMv8 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-arm64-lts | ARMv8 | GCC 8.5.0 + Glibc 2.27 | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-arm64-full | ARMv8 | GCC + libs | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-arm64-musl | ARMv8 | GCC + musl | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv5 | ARMv5 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv5-musl | ARMv5 | GCC + musl | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv6 | ARMv6 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv6-lts | ARMv6 | GCC 8.5.0 + Glibc 2.28 | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv6-musl | ARMv6 | GCC + musl | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv7 | ARMv7 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv7-lts | ARMv7 | GCC 8.5.0 + Glibc 2.28 | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv7a | ARMv7a | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-armv7l-musl | ARMv7l | GCC + musl | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-mips | mips | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-s390x | s390x | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-ppc64le | ppc64le | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-riscv32 | riscv32 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-riscv64 | riscv64 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-m68k-uclibc | m68k | GCC + uclibc | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-xtensa-uclibc | xtensa | GCC + uclibc | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/manylinux2014-x86 | x86 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/manylinux2014-x64 | x86_64 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-x86 | x86 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-x64 | x86_64 | GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-x86_64-full | x86_64 | GCC + libs | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-x64-clang | x86_64 | Clang | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/linux-x64-tinycc | x86_64 | tinycc + GCC | Linux |
|
|
| dockcross/web-wasm | Wasm | LLVM | Web (JS) |
|
|
| dockcross/web-wasi | Wasm | LLVM | Web (Universal) |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-shared-x86 | x86 | GCC | Windows |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-shared-x64 | x86_64 | GCC | Windows |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-shared-x64-posix | x86_64 | GCC | Windows |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-static-x86 | x86 | GCC | Windows |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-static-x64 | x86_64 | GCC | Windows |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-static-x64-posix | x86_64 | GCC | Windows |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-armv7 | ARMv7 | Clang | Windows |
|
|
| dockcross/windows-arm64 | ARMv8 | Clang | Windows |
|
|
|
|
## Cross compilers
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/base
|
|
|
|
  
|
|
|
|
Base image for other toolchain images. From Debian Jessie with GCC, make, autotools, CMake, Ninja, Git, and Python.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/android-arm
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
The Android NDK standalone toolchain for the arm architecture.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/android-arm64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
The Android NDK standalone toolchain for the arm64 architecture.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/android-x86
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
The Android NDK standalone toolchain for the x86 architecture.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/android-x86_64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
The Android NDK standalone toolchain for the x86_64 architecture.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-arm64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Cross compiler for the 64-bit ARM platform on Linux, also known as AArch64.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-arm64-lts
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Cross compiler for the 64-bit ARM platform on Linux, also known as AArch64, with Long-term support (For Ubuntu 18.04 or Debian Buster).
|
|
With GCC 8.5.0 and GLibc 2.27.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-arm64-full
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Cross compiler for the 64-bit ARM platform on Linux, with cross-libs: SDL2, OpenSSL, Boost, OpenCV and Qt5 (minimal).
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-arm64-musl
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Cross compiler for the 64-bit ARM platform on Linux (also known as
|
|
AArch64), using [musl](https://www.musl-libc.org/) as base \"libc\".
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv5
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux armv5 cross compiler toolchain for legacy devices like the
|
|
Parrot AR Drone.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv5-musl
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux armv5 cross compiler toolchain using
|
|
[musl](https://www.musl-libc.org/) as base \"libc\".
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv6
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux ARMv6 cross compiler toolchain for the Raspberry Pi
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv6-lts
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux ARMv6 cross compiler toolchain for the Raspberry Pi (Debian buster...)
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv6-musl
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux ARMv6 cross compiler toolchain for the Raspberry Pi, etc,
|
|
using [musl](https://www.musl-libc.org/) as base \"libc\".
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv7
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Generic Linux armv7 cross compiler toolchain.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv7-lts
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux ARMv7 cross compiler toolchain for the Raspberry Pi (Debian buster...)
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv7a
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Toolchain configured for ARMv7-A used in Beaglebone Black single
|
|
board PC with TI SoC AM3358 on board, Cortex-A8.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-armv7l-musl
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Toolchain configured for ARMv7-L, using
|
|
[musl](https://www.musl-libc.org/) as base \"libc\".
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-mips
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux mips cross compiler toolchain for big endian 32-bit hard float
|
|
MIPS GNU systems.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-s390x
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux s390x cross compiler toolchain for S390X GNU systems.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-riscv64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux risc-v 64bit cross compiler toolchain for risc-v 64bit GNU systems.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-riscv32
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux risc-v 32bit cross compiler toolchain for risc-v 32bit GNU systems.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-m68k-uclibc
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux m68k cross compiler toolchain for m68k GNU systems (http://www.mac.linux-m68k.org/ and http://www.linux-m68k.org/).
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-ppc64le
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux PowerPC 64 little endian cross compiler toolchain for the POWER8, etc. Important: Due to Issue #430, automatic build of newer images has been disabled.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-x64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux x86_64/amd64 compiler. Since the Docker image is natively x86_64, this is not actually a cross compiler.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-x86_64-full
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux x86_64/amd64 compiler with libs: SDL2, OpenSSL, Boost, OpenCV and Qt5 (minimal).
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-x64-clang
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux clang x86_64/amd64 compiler. Since the Docker image is natively x86_64, this is not actually a cross compiler.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-x86
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux i686 cross compiler.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/linux-x64-tinycc
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Linux tcc compiler for C compiler, and GCC for C++ compiler, for linux x86_64/amd64 arch.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/manylinux2014-x64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Docker [manylinux2014](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux) image for building Linux x86_64 / amd64 [Python wheel packages](http://pythonwheels.com/). It includes Python 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, and 3.9. Also has support for the dockcross script, and it has installations of CMake, Ninja, and [scikit-build](http://scikit-build.org). For CMake, it sets **MANYLINUX2014** to \"TRUE\" in the toolchain.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/manylinux2014-x86
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Docker [manylinux2014](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux) image for building Linux i686 [Python wheel packages](http://pythonwheels.com/). It includes Python 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, and 3.9. Also has support for the dockcross script, and it has installations of CMake, Ninja, and [scikit-build](http://scikit-build.org). For CMake, it sets **MANYLINUX2014** to \"TRUE\" in the toolchain.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/manylinux2014-aarch64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
Docker [manylinux2014](https://github.com/pypa/manylinux) image for building Linux aarch64 / arm64 [Python wheel packages](http://pythonwheels.com/). It includes Python 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, and 3.9. Also has support for the dockcross script, and it has installations of CMake, Ninja, and [scikit-build](http://scikit-build.org). For CMake, it sets **MANYLINUX2014** to \"TRUE\" in the toolchain.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/web-wasm
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
The [Emscripten](https://emscripten.org/) [WebAssembly](https://webassembly.org/)/JavaScript cross compiler.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/web-wasi
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
The [WebAssembly System Interface (WASI)](https://wasi.dev/) SDK LLVM/Clang/WASI Sysroot cross compiler.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-static-x64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
64-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [MXE/MinGW-w64](https://mxe.cc/) with win32 threads and static
|
|
linking.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-static-x64-posix
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
64-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [MXE/MinGW-w64](https://mxe.cc/) with posix threads and static
|
|
linking.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-static-x86
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
32-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [MXE/MinGW-w64](https://mxe.cc/) with win32 threads and static linking.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-shared-x64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
64-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [MXE/MinGW-w64](https://mxe.cc/) with win32 threads and dynamic linking.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-shared-x64-posix
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
64-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [MXE/MinGW-w64](https://mxe.cc/) with posix threads and dynamic linking.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-shared-x86
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
32-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [MXE/MinGW-w64](https://mxe.cc/) with win32 threads and dynamic linking.
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-armv7
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
ARMv7 32-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [LLVM/MinGW-w64](https://github.com/mstorsjo/llvm-mingw)
|
|
|
|
### dockcross/windows-arm64
|
|
|
|
 
|
|
|
|
ARMv8 64-bit Windows cross-compiler based on [llvm-mingw](https://github.com/mstorsjo/llvm-mingw)
|
|
|
|
## Summary legacy cross compilers
|
|
|
|
The list of docker images that are no longer supported or broken
|
|
|
|
| Image name | Target arch | Compiler | Target OS |
|
|
|:-------:|:--------:|:------:|:-----:|
|
|
| dockcross/manylinux1-x86 | x86 | GCC | manylinux |
|
|
| dockcross/manylinux1-x64 | x86_64 | GCC| manylinux |
|
|
| dockcross/manylinux2010-x86 | x86 | GCC | manylinux |
|
|
| dockcross/manylinux2010-x64 | x86_64 | GCC | manylinux |
|
|
|
|
## Articles
|
|
|
|
- [dockcross: C++ Write Once, Run
|
|
Anywhere](https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/format/slides/github/dockcross/cxx-write-once-run-anywhere/blob/master/dockcross_CXX_Write_Once_Run_Anywhere.ipynb#/)
|
|
- [Cross-compiling binaries for multiple architectures with
|
|
Docker](https://web.archive.org/web/20170912153531/http://blogs.nopcode.org/brainstorm/2016/07/26/cross-compiling-with-docker)
|
|
|
|
## Built-in update commands
|
|
|
|
A special update command can be executed that will update the source
|
|
cross-compiler Docker image or the dockcross script itself.
|
|
|
|
- `dockcross [--] command [args...]`: Forces a command to run inside
|
|
the container (in case of a name clash with a built-in command), use
|
|
`--` before the command.
|
|
- `dockcross update-image`: Fetch the latest version of the docker
|
|
image.
|
|
- `dockcross update-script`: Update the installed dockcross script
|
|
with the one bundled in the image.
|
|
- `dockcross update`: Update both the docker image, and the dockcross
|
|
script.
|
|
|
|
## Download all images
|
|
|
|
To easily download all images, the convenience target `display_images`
|
|
could be used:
|
|
```bash
|
|
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dockcross/dockcross/master/Makefile -o dockcross-Makefile
|
|
for image in $(make -f dockcross-Makefile display_images); do
|
|
echo "Pulling dockcross/$image"
|
|
docker pull dockcross/$image
|
|
done
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Install all dockcross scripts
|
|
|
|
To automatically install in `~/bin` the dockcross scripts for each
|
|
images already downloaded, the convenience target `display_images` could
|
|
be used:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dockcross/dockcross/master/Makefile -o dockcross-Makefile
|
|
for image in $(make -f dockcross-Makefile display_images); do
|
|
if [[ $(docker images -q dockcross/$image) == "" ]]; then
|
|
echo "~/bin/dockcross-$image skipping: image not found locally"
|
|
continue
|
|
fi
|
|
echo "~/bin/dockcross-$image ok"
|
|
docker run dockcross/$image > ~/bin/dockcross-$image && \
|
|
chmod u+x ~/bin/dockcross-$image
|
|
done
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Dockcross configuration
|
|
|
|
The following environmental variables and command-line options are used.
|
|
In all cases, the command-line option overrides the environment
|
|
variable.
|
|
|
|
### DOCKCROSS_CONFIG / \--config\|-c \<path-to-config-file>
|
|
|
|
This file is sourced, if it exists, before executing the rest of the
|
|
dockcross script.
|
|
|
|
Default: `~/.dockcross`
|
|
|
|
### DOCKCROSS_IMAGE / \--image\|-i \<docker-image-name>
|
|
|
|
The Docker cross-compiler image to run.
|
|
|
|
Default: Image with which the script was created.
|
|
|
|
### DOCKCROSS_ARGS / \--args\|-a \<docker-run-args>
|
|
|
|
Extra arguments to pass to the `docker run` command. Quote the entire set of args if they contain spaces.
|
|
|
|
## Per-project dockcross configuration
|
|
|
|
If a shell script named `.dockcross` is found in the current directory where the dockcross script is started, it is executed before the dockcross script `command` argument. The shell script is expected to have a shebang like `#!/usr/bin/env bash`.
|
|
|
|
For example, commands like
|
|
`git config --global advice.detachedHead false` can be added to this
|
|
script.
|
|
|
|
## How to extend Dockcross images
|
|
|
|
In order to extend Dockcross images with your own commands, one must:
|
|
|
|
1. Use `FROM dockcross/<name_of_image>`.
|
|
2. Set `DEFAULT_DOCKCROSS_IMAGE` to a name of the tag you\'re planning
|
|
to use for the image. This tag must then be used during the build
|
|
phase, unless you mean to pass the resulting helper script the
|
|
`DOCKCROSS_IMAGE` argument.
|
|
|
|
An example Dockerfile would be:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
FROM dockcross/linux-armv7
|
|
|
|
ENV DEFAULT_DOCKCROSS_IMAGE my_cool_image
|
|
RUN apt-get install nano
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
And then in the shell:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
docker build -t my_cool_image . ## Builds the dockcross image.
|
|
docker run my_cool_image > linux-armv7 ## Creates a helper script named linux-armv7.
|
|
chmod +x linux-armv7 ## Gives the script execution permission.
|
|
./linux-armv7 bash ## Runs the helper script with the argument "bash", which starts an interactive container using your extended image.
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## What is the difference between **dockcross** and **dockbuild** ?
|
|
|
|
The key difference is that [dockbuild](https://github.com/dockbuild/dockbuild#readme) images do **NOT** provide a [toolchain file](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-toolchains.7.html) but they use the same method to conveniently isolate the build environment as [dockcross](https://github.com/dockcross/dockcross#readme).
|
|
|
|
**dockbuild** is used to build binaries for Linux x86_64/amd64 that will work across most Linux distributions.
|
|
**dockbuild** performs a native Linux build where the host build system is a Linux x86_64 / amd64 Docker image (so that it can be used for building binaries on any system which can run Docker images) and the target runtime system is Linux x86_x64/ amd64.
|
|
|
|
**dockcross** is used to build binaries for many different platforms. **dockcross** performs a cross compilation where the host build system is a Linux x86_64 / amd64 Docker image (so that it can be used for building binaries on any system which can run Docker images) and the target runtime system varies.
|
|
|
|
\-\--
|
|
|
|
Credits:
|
|
- [sdt/docker-raspberry-pi-cross-compiler](https://github.com/sdt/docker-raspberry-pi-cross-compiler), who invented the base of the **dockcross** script.
|
|
- [https://github.com/steeve/cross-compiler](https://github.com/steeve/cross-compiler),
|